Does Depression Increase the Risk for Suicide?
Laura E. Hansen
Although the majority of people who have depression do not die by suicide,
having major depression does increase suicide risk compared to people without
depression. The risk of death by suicide may, in part, be related to the
severity of the depression. New data on depression that has followed people over
long periods of time suggests that about 2% of those people ever treated for
depression in an outpatient setting will die by suicide.
Among those ever treated for depression in an inpatient hospital setting, the
rate of death by suicide is twice as high (4%). Those treated for depression as
inpatients following suicide ideation or suicide attempts are about three times
as likely to die by suicide (6%) as those who were only treated as outpatients.
There are also dramatic gender differences in lifetime risk of suicide in
depression. Whereas about 7% of men with a lifetime history of depression will
die by suicide, only 1% of women with a lifetime history of depression will die
by suicide. Another way about thinking of suicide risk and depression is to
examine the lives of people who have died by suicide and see what proportion of
them were depressed. From that perspective, it is estimated that about 60% of
people who commit suicide have had a mood disorder (e.g., major depression,
bipolar disorder, dysthymia). Younger persons who kill themselves often have a
substance abuse disorder in addition to being depressed.
©2002 Laura E. Hansen, Counseling Notes, Odessa, Texas. All Rights Reserved.
http://www.counselingnotes.com/suicidal/suicide_faq3.htm
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